ASTM A234 WPB Cap
ASTM A234 WPB Caps are forged fittings, designed to fit securely onto the end of a pipe to prevent the flow of liquids, gases, or other substances. These caps can be welded to the pipe, forming a permanent seal that ensures leak-proof performance.
Key Features
- Material Composition: Made from high-quality carbon steel suitable for moderate and high-temperature applications.
- Design: Provides a secure and leak-proof closure for the ends of pipes or fittings.
- Durability: Excellent mechanical strength and corrosion resistance, ensuring longevity.
- Standards Compliance: Manufactured to ASTM A234 specifications for seamless and welded carbon steel fittings.
- Versatility: Used across industries such as oil and gas, petrochemicals, power plants, and construction.
- Temperature Range: Suitable for both low and high-temperature environments.
- Sizes: Available in a variety of diameters to fit different pipe dimensions.
- Finishes: Offered with beveled, plain, or threaded ends as per project requirements.
ASTM A234 WPB Dimensions
| Inch. | MM | Height | |
| D | E | ||
| 1/2 | 15 | 21,34 | 25,40 |
| 3/4 | 20 | 26,67 | 31,75 |
| 25 | 33,40 | 38,10 | |
| 1 1/4 | 32 | 42,16 | 38,10 |
| 1 1/2 | 40 | 48,26 | 38,10 |
| 2 | 50 | 60,32 | 38,10 |
| 2 1/2 | 65 | 73,02 | 38,10 |
| 3 | 80 | 88,90 | 50,80 |
| 3 1/2 | 90 | 101,60 | 63,50 |
| 4 | 100 | 114,30 | 63,50 |
| 5 | 125 | 141,30 | 76,20 |
| 6 | 150 | 168,27 | 88,90 |
| 8 | 200 | 219,07 | 101,60 |
| 10 | 250 | 273,05 | 127,00 |
| 12 | 300 | 323,85 | 152,40 |
| 14 | 350 | 355,60 | 165,10 |
| 16 | 400 | 406,40 | 177,80 |
| 18 | 450 | 457,20 | 203,20 |
| 20 | 500 | 508,00 | 228,60 |
| 22 | 550 | 558,80 | 254,00 |
| 24 | 600 | 609,60 | 266,70 |
| 28 | 700 | 711,20 | 266,70 |
Pipe Fitting Tolerance
| NOMINAL PIPE SIZE | ALL FITTINGS | ALL FITTINGS | ALL FITTINGS | ELBOWS AND TEES | 180 DEG RETURN BENDS | 180 DEG RETURN BENDS | 180 DEG RETURN BENDS | REDUCERS | CAPS |
| NPS | O.D. at Bevel (1), (2) | I.D. at End | Wall Thickness (3) | Centre-to-End Dimension A,B,C,M | Centre-to-Centre O | Back-to-Face K | Alignment of Ends U | Overall Length H | Overall Length E |
| (1), (3), (4) | |||||||||
| ½ to 2½ | 0.06 | 0.03 | Not less than 87.5% of nominal thickness | 0.06 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.12 |
| -0.03 | |||||||||
| 3 to 3 ½ | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.12 | |
| 4 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.12 | |
| 5 to 8 | 0.09 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.25 | |
| -0.06 | |||||||||
| 10 to 18 | 0.16 | 0.12 | 0.09 | 0.38 | 0.25 | 0.06 | 0.09 | 0.25 | |
| -0.12 | |||||||||
| 20 to 24 | 0.25 | 0.19 | 0.09 | 0.38 | 0.25 | 0.06 | 0.09 | 0.25 | |
| -0.19 | |||||||||
| 26 to 30 | 0.25 | 0.19 | 0.12 | … | … | … | 0.19 | 0.38 | |
| -0.19 | |||||||||
| 32 to 48 | 0.25 | 0.19 | 0.19 | … | … | … | 0.19 | 0.38 | |
| -0.19 |
| NOMINAL PIPE SIZE NPS | ANGULARITY TOLERANCES | ANGULARITY TOLERANCES |
| Off Angle Q | Off Plane P | |
| ½ to 4 | 0.03 | 0.06 |
| 5 to 8 | 0.06 | 0.12 |
| 10 to 12 | 0.09 | 0.19 |
| 14 to 16 | 0.09 | 0.25 |
| 18 to 24 | 0.12 | 0.38 |
| 26 to 30 | 0.19 | 0.38 |
| 32 to 42 | 0.19 | 0.5 |
| 44 to 48 | 0.18 | 0.75 |
Manufacturing Process
- Material Selection: High-grade carbon steel (Grade B) is sourced, ensuring it meets the chemical and mechanical properties outlined in the ASTM A234 specification.
- Forging: The selected material is heated to high temperatures and shaped into the desired cap form using forging techniques. This process enhances the strength and durability of the fitting.
- Heat Treatment: Normalizing or annealing is performed to relieve internal stresses, improve ductility, and refine the grain structure of the material.
- Machining: Precision machining is used to achieve the final dimensions and surface finish.
- Inspection and Testing: Stringent quality checks, including dimensional inspection, non-destructive testing (NDT), and hydrostatic testing, are conducted to ensure the cap meets ASTM A234 WPB standards.
Inspection and Testing Requirements
To ensure compliance with ASTM standards, the following tests and inspections are conducted:
- Visual Inspection: Verifies the dimensional accuracy and surface finish.
- Chemical Analysis: Confirms the material’s chemical composition.
- Mechanical Testing: Tensile and hardness tests validate strength and ductility.
- Non-Destructive Testing (NDT): Ultrasonic or radiographic tests detect internal flaws or defects.
- Hydrostatic Testing: Ensures the cap’s ability to withstand the rated pressure without leaks
Applications
- Oil and Gas Industry: Used in pipelines to seal ends and prevent leaks during high-pressure and high-temperature operations.
- Petrochemical Plants: Essential in systems transporting corrosive and high-temperature fluids.
- Power Plants: Applied in steam lines, cooling systems, and high-pressure fluid transmission systems.
- Water Treatment Plants: Utilized in pipelines to manage the flow and direction of treated or untreated water.
- Construction and Infrastructure: Frequently used in piping systems for commercial and residential buildings.
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